EAMCET Syllabus
March 6, 2009 · Print This Article · Email It
HYDROCARBONS: Classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Types of organic reactions – substitution, addition, elimination and rearrangement reactions. Classification of hydrocarbons. Alkanes - Nomenclature, isomerism. Methods of preparation of ethane. Physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, Combustion and Pyrolysis of ethane. Alkenes – Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethane), geometrical isomerism, physical properties. Ethylene: Methods of preparation, physical properties and chemical reactions – addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), Ozonolysis oxidation.
ALKYNES: Nomenclature, structure of triple bond. Acetylene – Methods of preparation, Physical properties and chemical reactions: acidic character of acetylene, addition reaction of – hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water. Aromatic hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; Benzene: resonance and aromaticity, Chemical properties: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution – Nitration, Sulphonation, Halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and Acylation.
STEREO CHEMISTRY: Optical activity-discovery, determination using a polarimeter, specific rotation, Chirality – Chiral objects, Chiral molecules. Configuration and Fischer projections, Asymmetric carbon, elements of symmetry, compounds containing one chiral centre, enantiomers, D-L and R-S nomenclature, racemic forms, racemisation. Compounds containing two chiral centers, diastereo isomers, meso form, resolution, importance of stereochemistry.
HALOALKANES: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, Preparation and physical and chemical properties of ethyl chloride and chloroform. Mechanism of S N1 , and S N2 reactions. Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, Chlorobenzene: Preparation and substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for mono substituted compounds only).
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers: Alcohols : Nomenclature of alcohols, Methods of preparation and physical and Chemical properties of ethyl alcohol, Mechanism of dehydration. Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols. Uses methanol and ethanol. Phenols: Nomenclature of Phenols. Methods of preparation and Physical and chemical properties of phenol, acidic nature of phenol. Electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols. Ethers: Nomenclature of ethers. Methods of preparation, Physical and chemical properties and uses of diethyl ether.
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES: Nomenclature, and nature of carbonyl group. Methods of preparation and Physical and Chemical properties and uses of acetaldehyde and acetone. Mechanism of nucleophilic addition, Reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes;
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS: Nomenclature and acidity of carboxylic acids. Methods of preparation, Physical and chemical properties and uses of acetic acid.
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING NITROGEN: Nitrobenzene: Preparation, properties and uses. Amines: Nomenclature and classification of amines. Structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties and uses of Aniline. Identification of primary secondary and tertiary amines. Diazonium salts: Preparation, Chemical reactions and importance of diazonium salts in synthetic organic chemistry. Azo dyes and their uses.
POLYMERS: Classification of polymers. Addition and condensation polymerization. Copolymerization. Natural rubber, vulcanization of rubber, synthetic rubber – Neoprene and Buna- S. Molecular weights of polymers – Number average and weight average molecular weights (definition only) Biopolymers – Carbohydrates and Proteins. Biodegradable polymers and some commercially important polymers like polythene, nylon, polyesters and bakelite.
BIOMOLECULES Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses). Monosaccharides (glucose and fructose). Oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose). Polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen) – preparation, properties, structures and Importance. Proteins: Elementary idea of Alpha amino acids, peptide bond. Polypeptides and proteins. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of Proteins (Qualitative idea only). Denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Vitamins: Classification and functions of vitamins in biosystems. Nucleic Acids: Types of nucleic acids, primary building blocks of nucleic acids. Chemical composition of DNA & RNA, Primary structure of DNA and its double helix. Replication. Transcription and protein synthesis, Genetic code. Lipids: Classification, structure and functions of lipids in biosystems. Hormones: Classification, structural features and functions of hormones in biosystems.
CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE: Uses of Chemicals in medicine: Analgesics : Narcotics (morphine, codeine). Non-narcotics (Aspirin, Ibuprofen). Antipyretic (Analgin, phenacetin and paracetamol). Tranquilizers (Barbituric acid, Luminal, seconal, valium, serotonin). Antiseptics (Chloroxylenol, bithional), Disinfectants (formalin, formaldehyde). Antimicrobials (lysozyme, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid in stomach). Antifertility drugs (oral pills). Antibiotics (pencillin, chloramphenicol, sulphadiazine). Antacids (omeprazole, lansoprazole), antihistamines. Chemicals in food preservatives (sodium benzoate, sulphur dioxide, potassium metabisulphite). Artificial sweetening agents (Aspartame, alitane, sucrolose).
